a new approach to the rule of iḍṭirār through resolving issues of contradiction

the rule of iḍṭirār (desperate necessity) indicates an order which ceases the previously issued orders on the condition of proving the needfulness and indigence of a convicted. rationally speaking, however, such an order is not far from flaws in an absolute term and this order to be carried out is bounded in time and quantity. although this is a principal rule of jurisprudence, it is neglected in research. therefore the current research is an attempt to bring it to light in details. the results of the present research have shown that from the viewpoint of jurisprudence, the levels and justifications of this rule are different. also, there is contradiction of views regarding its decision and its permission and many other issues of religion.